Carburation of hydrocarbon fuel for internal-combustion engines



CARBURATION OF HYDROCARBON FUEL FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES March 10, 1931. s. HAMILTON-GRAPES Filed July 2'7, 192? a 0 z I Z n- 1 Patented Mar. 10, 1931 STATES ,oannunarron on HYnnooAnBon FUEL non I TnnNAL-coMBUs'rron ENGINES) Application filedJuly 27, 1927, Serial No. 208,786, and in Great Britain Augustfi, 1926.

The present invention refers to the carburation of hydro-carbon fuel for internal combustion engines and specifically to the sys term in which the heavy moist particlesin a carburetted mixture stream are deflected out of the mixture during the passage'of said particles from the carburetting device to the engine cylinders.

The beforementioned system is the subject 3 of applicants United States Patent No.

al) ceiving chamber and deflecting means are provided in the conductor to divert moist particles into said mouth. c 1

It has been foundby experimental investigation that during cold starting periods or slo-wrunning of the engineand particularly when using fuel having a high distillation point that non-vaporized particles in the con 3 the receivlng chamber 10. v

ductor beforementioned which for convenience is termed the separator element, accumu- 39 late in considerable quantity and gravitate into the receiving chamber which is then in a low temperature condition.

To obviate this disability is the purpose of the present invention.

Broadly stated the invention'consists essentially of means provided in the separator element at or in close proximity to the downwardly directed portion of samefor deflecting the moist particles into the receiving chamber located outside the active sphere of the mixture stream. Said receiving chamber may be connected to a reserve tank or alternatively may feed said particles into a retort chamber, the feed being controlled by metering pin.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a practical application of my invention for the purpose stated.

; In these drawings:

' appreciable temperature is reached in the Figure '1 is an end partial sectional view of the separator element,

Figure 2' is a partial sectional elevation.

Figure 3 is a plan, and

Figure 4t is a section on line 4-4: in Fig. 2. ti

Referring now to the drawings-it will be, noted that the flangeS is utilized with the horizontal offset portion 9' toform the base of a truncated conically shaped receivingchamber10 which communicates with a sinso none or S-shcped separator element A-by means of the apertureor slot 11 formed in the underneath side of the latter at a position slightly below thelevel of the peak of a deflector 12 on the upper wall of said element A where the element makes a reverse bend. The element A preferably increases in crosssection. The slot 11 preferably describes an are equivalent to about three-quar ters of the circumference of the separator ele to ment; at the position where the slot is'p'rovided, andthere is an antecedent lip 17.

- The function of the antecedent lip 17Iand slot 11 is to trap, at periods of startin up from cold during idling, and slow running is operations of the engine, the; higher-boiling liquid fuel fractions and convey same to By these means flooding byv the irregular use of the air choker fitting of the carburettor is prevented as well as the passage of froth into the main mixture stream,'by the sudden addition of a large volume of fuel and fuel vapor, formed and released as soon'as an running engine.

Normally about 70c. 0. would be separated. out of the fuel mixture stream before astart is made in cold weather but should the capacity of the receiving chamber be 2-00 0. c. and it be filled with heavy fuel-fractions be' fore an engine start is effected, the whole of this amountmay be subsequently slowly fed into a retort chamber 16 through a metering jet or orifice '13 provided in the flange 8 which is coupled to the flange 8 of said retort chamber. The heavy fuel may thus be slowly introduced to the retort chamber over anappreciable time period. The length of this period is governed by the regulating wall 21, Fig. 4. The receiving chamber is provided with a cleanout opening closed by nut 18.

Should, however,

fuel. be collected more than 200 c. c. of at starting an engine, the

excess passes away through overflow pipe 15 element and means to deliver collected liquid IiOn the receiving chamber to the retort cham- 2. Means for extracting liquid particles from a carburetted fuel mixture, which comprises a sinuous separator element for insertion between a carburetter andan internal combustion engine, andhaving a slot in a downwardly directed lower portion thereof, a deflector preceding said slot and on said portion and on the opposite wallthereof to direct liquid following the upper wall toward the slot; a receiving chamber into which said. Slot discharges, a retort. chamber conductsame to a fuel tank such as a reserve tank located under the dashboard of a motor vehicle.

If for any reason it vbe deemed expedient to totally prevent theentry of any heavy or higher boiling fuel fractions into the retort during starting the feed regulator screw 14 may be closed. Such action would divert the whole of these fuel fractions into the reserve a fuel supply tank through the connection 15.

[)flSt the lip 17 and SM 11 and tlrouglz the 7/? WI??? t" erase c 5 o appreciable dimensions which may con- [J50 we??? a m nor; q mw 'oez 001/- 1S6 rges, a retort. chamoer connectedto the bottom of said element, and means to deliver liquid collectedin said chamber into the retort chamber. I

V 3. Means for extracting liquid particles from acarburetted fuel mixture, comprising a sinuous separator element'having a slot in a portioninclined toward'the bottom thereof, and an opening in its bottom, a receiving chamber into which said slot discharges, a retort chamber'connected to said opening and a regulable'orificeconnecting the retort Cl12LII1-.

her and receiving chamber for delivery of liquid collected in the receiving chamber to the retort chamber, there to bevaporiz ed and the vapor returned-to the element: 7

4. Means for separating liquid particles from acarburettedfuel mixture, comprising a sinuous separator element having a slot in the lower wall ofiits portion directed to thebottom of the element, a deflector on the upper wallofthe element anteceding the slot,

a receiving clamberinto which said'slot det (i I d mm m mu WHO tilt tetem 0f SHd elemezt, an 80 at? f0 15 ra row 0; any gamer any at 

